ImHex/plugins/builtin/source/content/data_inspector.cpp

#include <hex/api/imhex_api.hpp>
#include <hex/api/content_registry.hpp>

#include <hex/helpers/utils.hpp>
#include <hex/helpers/crypto.hpp>

#include <hex/helpers/fmt.hpp>
#include <fmt/chrono.h>

#include <hex/providers/provider.hpp>

#include <cstring>
#include <codecvt>
#include <string>

#include <imgui_internal.h>
#include <hex/ui/imgui_imhex_extensions.h>

namespace hex::plugin::builtin {

    using Style = ContentRegistry::DataInspector::NumberDisplayStyle;

    struct GUID {
        u32 data1;
        u16 data2;
        u16 data3;
        u8 data4[8];
    };

    template<std::unsigned_integral T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
    static std::vector<u8> stringToUnsigned(const std::string &value, std::endian endian) requires(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(u64)) {
        u64 result = std::strtoull(value.c_str(), nullptr, 0);
        if (result > std::numeric_limits<T>::max()) return {};

        std::vector<u8> bytes(Size, 0x00);
        std::memcpy(bytes.data(), &result, bytes.size());

        if (endian != std::endian::native)
            std::reverse(bytes.begin(), bytes.end());

        return bytes;
    }

    template<std::signed_integral T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
    static std::vector<u8> stringToSigned(const std::string &value, std::endian endian) requires(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(u64)) {
        i64 result = std::strtoll(value.c_str(), nullptr, 0);
        if (result > std::numeric_limits<T>::max() || result < std::numeric_limits<T>::min()) return {};

        std::vector<u8> bytes(Size, 0x00);
        std::memcpy(bytes.data(), &result, bytes.size());

        if (endian != std::endian::native)
            std::reverse(bytes.begin(), bytes.end());

        return bytes;
    }

    template<std::floating_point T>
    static std::vector<u8> stringToFloat(const std::string &value, std::endian endian) requires(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(long double)) {
        T result = std::strtold(value.c_str(), nullptr);

        std::vector<u8> bytes(sizeof(T), 0x00);
        std::memcpy(bytes.data(), &result, bytes.size());

        if (endian != std::endian::native)
            std::reverse(bytes.begin(), bytes.end());

        return bytes;
    }

    template<std::integral T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
    static std::vector<u8> stringToInteger(const std::string &value, std::endian endian) requires(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(u64)) {
        if constexpr (std::unsigned_integral<T>)
            return stringToUnsigned<T, Size>(value, endian);
        else if constexpr (std::signed_integral<T>)
            return stringToSigned<T, Size>(value, endian);
        else
            return {};
    }

    template<std::integral T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
    static std::string unsignedToString(const std::vector<u8> &buffer, std::endian endian, Style style) requires(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(u64)) {
        if (buffer.size() < Size)
            return { };

        auto format = (style == Style::Decimal) ? "{0:d}" : ((style == Style::Hexadecimal) ? hex::format("0x{{0:0{}X}}", Size * 2) : hex::format("0o{{0:0{}o}}", Size * 3));

        T value = 0x00;
        std::memcpy(&value, buffer.data(), std::min(sizeof(T), Size));
        return hex::format(format, hex::changeEndianness(value, Size, endian));
    }

    template<std::integral T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
    static std::string signedToString(const std::vector<u8> &buffer, std::endian endian, Style style) requires(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(u64)) {
        if (buffer.size() < Size)
            return { };

        auto format = (style == Style::Decimal) ? "{0:d}" : ((style == Style::Hexadecimal) ? hex::format("0x{{0:0{}X}}", Size * 2) : hex::format("0o{{0:0{}o}}", Size * 3));

        T value = 0x00;
        std::memcpy(&value, buffer.data(), std::min(sizeof(T), Size));
        auto number   = hex::changeEndianness(value, Size, endian);
        if (Size != sizeof(T))
            number = hex::signExtend(Size * 8, number);

        return hex::format(format, number);
    }

    template<std::integral T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
    static std::string integerToString(const std::vector<u8> &buffer, std::endian endian, Style style) requires(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(u64)) {
        if constexpr (std::unsigned_integral<T>)
            return unsignedToString<T, Size>(buffer, endian, style);
        else if constexpr (std::signed_integral<T>)
            return signedToString<T, Size>(buffer, endian, style);
        else
            return {};
    }

    template<typename T>
    static hex::ContentRegistry::DataInspector::impl::GeneratorFunction drawString(T func) {
        return [func](const std::vector<u8> &buffer, std::endian endian, Style style) {
            return [value = func(buffer, endian, style)]() -> std::string { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
        };

    }

    // clang-format off
    void registerDataInspectorEntries() {

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.binary", sizeof(u8),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(endian, style);

                std::string binary = hex::format("0b{:08b}", buffer[0]);

                return [binary] {
                    ImGui::TextUnformatted(binary.c_str());
                    return binary;
                };
            }, [](const std::string &value, std::endian endian) -> std::vector<u8> {
                hex::unused(endian);

                std::string binary = value;
                if (binary.starts_with("0b"))
                    binary = binary.substr(2);

                if (binary.size() > 8) return { };

                if (auto result = hex::parseBinaryString(binary); result.has_value())
                    return { result.value() };
                else
                    return { };
            }
        );



        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.u8", sizeof(u8),
            drawString(integerToString<u8>),
            stringToInteger<u8>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.i8", sizeof(i8),
        drawString(integerToString<i8>),
        stringToInteger<i8>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.u16", sizeof(u16),
            drawString(integerToString<u16>),
            stringToInteger<u16>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.i16", sizeof(i16),
            drawString(integerToString<i16>),
            stringToInteger<i16>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.u24", 3,
            drawString(integerToString<u32, 3>),
            stringToInteger<u32, 3>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.i24", 3,
            drawString(integerToString<i32, 3>),
            stringToInteger<i32, 3>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.u32", sizeof(u32),
            drawString(integerToString<u32>),
            stringToInteger<u32>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.i32", sizeof(i32),
            drawString(integerToString<i32>),
            stringToInteger<i32>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.u48", 6,
            drawString(integerToString<u64, 6>),
            stringToInteger<u64, 6>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.i48", 6,
            drawString(integerToString<i64, 6>),
            stringToInteger<i64, 6>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.u64", sizeof(u64),
            drawString(integerToString<u64>),
            stringToInteger<u64>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.i64", sizeof(i64),
            drawString(integerToString<i64>),
            stringToInteger<i64>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.float16", sizeof(u16),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                u16 result = 0;
                std::memcpy(&result, buffer.data(), sizeof(u16));

                const auto formatString = style == Style::Hexadecimal ? "{0:a}" : "{0:G}";

                auto value = hex::format(formatString, float16ToFloat32(hex::changeEndianness(result, endian)));

                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            }
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.float", sizeof(float),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                float result = 0;
                std::memcpy(&result, buffer.data(), sizeof(float));

                const auto formatString = style == Style::Hexadecimal ? "{0:a}" : "{0:G}";

                auto value = hex::format(formatString, hex::changeEndianness(result, endian));
                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            },
            stringToFloat<float>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.double", sizeof(double),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                double result = 0;
                std::memcpy(&result, buffer.data(), sizeof(double));

                const auto formatString = style == Style::Hexadecimal ? "{0:a}" : "{0:G}";

                auto value = hex::format(formatString, hex::changeEndianness(result, endian));
                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            },
            stringToFloat<double>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.long_double", sizeof(long double),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                long double result = 0;
                std::memcpy(&result, buffer.data(), sizeof(long double));

                const auto formatString = style == Style::Hexadecimal ? "{0:a}" : "{0:G}";

                auto value = hex::format(formatString, hex::changeEndianness(result, endian));
                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            },
            stringToFloat<long double>
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.sleb128", 1, (sizeof(i128) * 8 / 7) + 1,
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(endian);

                auto format = (style == Style::Decimal) ? "{0}{1:d}" : ((style == Style::Hexadecimal) ? "{0}0x{1:X}" : "{0}0o{1:o}");


                auto number   = hex::crypt::decodeSleb128(buffer);
                bool negative = number < 0;
                auto value    = hex::format(format, negative ? "-" : "", negative ? -number : number);

                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            },
            [](const std::string &value, std::endian endian) -> std::vector<u8> {
                hex::unused(endian);

                return hex::crypt::encodeSleb128(std::strtoll(value.c_str(), nullptr, 0));
            }
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.uleb128", 1, (sizeof(u128) * 8 / 7) + 1,
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(endian);

                auto format = (style == Style::Decimal) ? "{0:d}" : ((style == Style::Hexadecimal) ? "0x{0:X}" : "0o{0:o}");

                auto value = hex::format(format, hex::crypt::decodeUleb128(buffer));

                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            },
            [](const std::string &value, std::endian endian) -> std::vector<u8> {
                hex::unused(endian);

                return hex::crypt::encodeUleb128(std::strtoull(value.c_str(), nullptr, 0));
            }
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.bool", sizeof(bool),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(endian, style);

                std::string value = [buffer] {
                    switch (buffer[0]) {
                        case false:
                            return "false";
                        case true:
                            return "true";
                        default:
                            return "Invalid";
                    }
                }();

                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            }
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.ascii", sizeof(char8_t),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(endian, style);

                auto value = makePrintable(*reinterpret_cast<char8_t *>(buffer.data()));
                return [value] { ImGuiExt::TextFormatted("'{0}'", value.c_str()); return value; };
            },
            [](const std::string &value, std::endian endian) -> std::vector<u8> {
                hex::unused(endian);

                if (value.length() > 1) return { };

                return { u8(value[0]) };
            }
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.wide", sizeof(wchar_t),
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(style);

                wchar_t wideChar = '\x00';
                std::memcpy(&wideChar, buffer.data(), std::min(sizeof(wchar_t), buffer.size()));

                auto c = hex::changeEndianness(wideChar, endian);

                std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>> converter("Invalid");

                auto value = hex::format("{0}", c <= 255 ? makePrintable(c) : converter.to_bytes(c));
                return [value] { ImGuiExt::TextFormatted("'{0}'", value.c_str()); return value; };
            },
            [](const std::string &value, std::endian endian) -> std::vector<u8> {
                std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>> converter("Invalid");

                std::vector<u8> bytes;
                auto wideString = converter.from_bytes(value.c_str());
                std::copy(wideString.begin(), wideString.end(), std::back_inserter(bytes));

                if (endian != std::endian::native)
                    std::reverse(bytes.begin(), bytes.end());

                return bytes;
            }
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.utf8", sizeof(char8_t) * 4,
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(endian, style);

                char utf8Buffer[5]      = { 0 };
                char codepointString[5] = { 0 };
                u32 codepoint           = 0;

                std::memcpy(utf8Buffer, reinterpret_cast<char8_t *>(buffer.data()), 4);
                u8 codepointSize = ImTextCharFromUtf8(&codepoint, utf8Buffer, utf8Buffer + 4);

                std::memcpy(codepointString, utf8Buffer, std::min(codepointSize, u8(4)));
                auto value = hex::format("'{0}' (U+0x{1:04X})",
                    codepoint == 0xFFFD ? "Invalid" : (codepointSize == 1 ? makePrintable(codepointString[0]) : codepointString),
                    codepoint);

                return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
            }
        );

        constexpr static auto MaxStringLength = 32;

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.string", 1,
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(buffer, endian, style);

                auto currSelection = ImHexApi::HexEditor::getSelection();


                std::string value, copyValue;

                if (currSelection.has_value()) {
                    std::vector<u8> stringBuffer(std::min<size_t>(currSelection->size, 0x1000), 0x00);
                    ImHexApi::Provider::get()->read(currSelection->address, stringBuffer.data(), stringBuffer.size());

                    value = copyValue = hex::encodeByteString(stringBuffer);

                    if (value.size() > MaxStringLength) {
                        value.resize(MaxStringLength);
                        value += "...";
                    }
                } else {
                    value = "";
                    copyValue = "";
                }

                return [value, copyValue] { ImGuiExt::TextFormatted("\"{0}\"", value.c_str()); return copyValue; };
            },
            [](const std::string &value, std::endian endian) -> std::vector<u8> {
                hex::unused(endian);

                return hex::decodeByteString(value);
            }
        );

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.string16", 2,
            [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
                hex::unused(buffer, endian, style);

                auto currSelection = ImHexApi::HexEditor::getSelection();

                std::string value, copyValue;

                if (currSelection.has_value()) {
                    std::u16string stringBuffer(std::min<size_t>(currSelection->size, 0x1000), 0x00);
                    ImHexApi::Provider::get()->read(currSelection->address, stringBuffer.data(), stringBuffer.size());

                    for (auto &c : stringBuffer)
                        c = hex::changeEndianness(c, endian);

                    auto it = std::remove_if(buffer.begin(), buffer.end(),
                                             [](auto c) { return c == 0x00; });
                    buffer.erase(it, buffer.end());

                    auto string = std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8_utf16<char16_t>, char16_t>("Invalid").to_bytes(stringBuffer.data());
                    value = copyValue = hex::encodeByteString({ string.begin(), string.end() });

                    if (value.size() > MaxStringLength) {
                        value.resize(MaxStringLength);
                        value += "...";
                    }
                } else {
                    value = "";
                    copyValue = "";
                }

                return [value, copyValue] { ImGuiExt::TextFormatted("L\"{0}\"", value.c_str()); return copyValue; };
            },
            [](const std::string &value, std::endian endian) -> std::vector<u8> {
                hex::unused(endian);

                return hex::decodeByteString(value);
            }
        );

#if defined(OS_WINDOWS)

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.time32", sizeof(u32), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            auto endianAdjustedTime = hex::changeEndianness(*reinterpret_cast<u32 *>(buffer.data()), endian);

            std::string value;
            try {
                value = hex::format("{0:%a, %d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S}", fmt::localtime(endianAdjustedTime));
            } catch (fmt::format_error &) {
                value = "Invalid";
            }

            return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
        });

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.time64", sizeof(u64), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            auto endianAdjustedTime = hex::changeEndianness(*reinterpret_cast<u64 *>(buffer.data()), endian);

            std::string value;
            try {
                value = hex::format("{0:%a, %d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S}", fmt::localtime(endianAdjustedTime));
            } catch (fmt::format_error &) {
                value = "Invalid";
            }

            return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
        });

#else

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.time", sizeof(time_t), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            auto endianAdjustedTime = hex::changeEndianness(*reinterpret_cast<time_t *>(buffer.data()), endian);

            std::string value;
            try {
                value = hex::format("{0:%a, %d.%m.%Y %H:%M:%S}", fmt::localtime(endianAdjustedTime));
            } catch (fmt::format_error &e) {
                value = "Invalid";
            }

            return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
        });

#endif

        struct DOSDate {
            unsigned day   : 5;
            unsigned month : 4;
            unsigned year  : 7;
        };

        struct DOSTime {
            unsigned seconds : 5;
            unsigned minutes : 6;
            unsigned hours   : 5;
        };

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.dos_date", sizeof(DOSDate), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            DOSDate date = { };
            std::memcpy(&date, buffer.data(), sizeof(DOSDate));
            date = hex::changeEndianness(date, endian);

            auto value = hex::format("{}/{}/{}", date.day, date.month, date.year + 1980);

            return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
        });

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.dos_time", sizeof(DOSTime), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            DOSTime time = { };
            std::memcpy(&time, buffer.data(), sizeof(DOSTime));
            time = hex::changeEndianness(time, endian);

            auto value = hex::format("{:02}:{:02}:{:02}", time.hours, time.minutes, time.seconds * 2);

            return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
        });

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.guid", sizeof(GUID), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            GUID guid = { };
            std::memcpy(&guid, buffer.data(), sizeof(GUID));
            auto value = hex::format("{}{{{:08X}-{:04X}-{:04X}-{:02X}{:02X}-{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}}}",
                (hex::changeEndianness(guid.data3, endian) >> 12) <= 5 && ((guid.data4[0] >> 4) >= 8 || (guid.data4[0] >> 4) == 0) ? "" : "Invalid ",
                hex::changeEndianness(guid.data1, endian),
                hex::changeEndianness(guid.data2, endian),
                hex::changeEndianness(guid.data3, endian),
                guid.data4[0],
                guid.data4[1],
                guid.data4[2],
                guid.data4[3],
                guid.data4[4],
                guid.data4[5],
                guid.data4[6],
                guid.data4[7]);

            return [value] { ImGui::TextUnformatted(value.c_str()); return value; };
        });

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.rgba8", sizeof(u32), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            ImColor value(hex::changeEndianness(*reinterpret_cast<u32 *>(buffer.data()), endian));

            auto copyValue = hex::format("#{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}", u8(0xFF * (value.Value.x)), u8(0xFF * (value.Value.y)), u8(0xFF * (value.Value.z)), u8(0xFF * (value.Value.w)));

            return [value, copyValue] {
                ImGui::ColorButton("##inspectorColor", value, ImGuiColorEditFlags_None, ImVec2(ImGui::GetColumnWidth(), ImGui::GetTextLineHeight()));
                return copyValue;
            };
        });

        ContentRegistry::DataInspector::add("hex.builtin.inspector.rgb565", sizeof(u16), [](auto buffer, auto endian, auto style) {
            hex::unused(style);

            auto value = hex::changeEndianness(*reinterpret_cast<u16 *>(buffer.data()), endian);
            ImColor color((value & 0x1F) << 3, ((value >> 5) & 0x3F) << 2, ((value >> 11) & 0x1F) << 3, 0xFF);

            auto copyValue = hex::format("#{:02X}{:02X}{:02X}", u8(0xFF * (color.Value.x)), u8(0xFF * (color.Value.y)), u8(0xFF * (color.Value.z)), 0xFF);

            return [color, copyValue] {
                ImGui::ColorButton("##inspectorColor", color, ImGuiColorEditFlags_None, ImVec2(ImGui::GetColumnWidth(), ImGui::GetTextLineHeight()));
                return copyValue;
            };
        });
    }
    // clang-format on

}