diff --git a/lib_v5/attend.py b/lib_v5/attend.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9dfdcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib_v5/attend.py
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+from functools import wraps
+from packaging import version
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+import torch
+from torch import nn, einsum
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+
+from einops import rearrange, reduce
+
+# constants
+
+FlashAttentionConfig = namedtuple('FlashAttentionConfig', ['enable_flash', 'enable_math', 'enable_mem_efficient'])
+
+# helpers
+
+def exists(val):
+    return val is not None
+
+def once(fn):
+    called = False
+    @wraps(fn)
+    def inner(x):
+        nonlocal called
+        if called:
+            return
+        called = True
+        return fn(x)
+    return inner
+
+print_once = once(print)
+
+# main class
+
+class Attend(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        dropout = 0.,
+        flash = False
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.dropout = dropout
+        self.attn_dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
+
+        self.flash = flash
+        assert not (flash and version.parse(torch.__version__) < version.parse('2.0.0')), 'in order to use flash attention, you must be using pytorch 2.0 or above'
+
+        # determine efficient attention configs for cuda and cpu
+
+        self.cpu_config = FlashAttentionConfig(True, True, True)
+        self.cuda_config = None
+
+        if not torch.cuda.is_available() or not flash:
+            return
+
+        device_properties = torch.cuda.get_device_properties(torch.device('cuda'))
+
+        if device_properties.major == 8 and device_properties.minor == 0:
+            print_once('A100 GPU detected, using flash attention if input tensor is on cuda')
+            self.cuda_config = FlashAttentionConfig(True, False, False)
+        else:
+            self.cuda_config = FlashAttentionConfig(False, True, True)
+
+    def flash_attn(self, q, k, v):
+        _, heads, q_len, _, k_len, is_cuda, device = *q.shape, k.shape[-2], q.is_cuda, q.device
+
+        # Check if there is a compatible device for flash attention
+
+        config = self.cuda_config if is_cuda else self.cpu_config
+
+        # pytorch 2.0 flash attn: q, k, v, mask, dropout, softmax_scale
+
+        with torch.backends.cuda.sdp_kernel(**config._asdict()):
+            out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(
+                q, k, v,
+                dropout_p = self.dropout if self.training else 0.
+            )
+
+        return out
+
+    def forward(self, q, k, v):
+        """
+        einstein notation
+        b - batch
+        h - heads
+        n, i, j - sequence length (base sequence length, source, target)
+        d - feature dimension
+        """
+
+        q_len, k_len, device = q.shape[-2], k.shape[-2], q.device
+
+        scale = q.shape[-1] ** -0.5
+
+        if self.flash:
+            return self.flash_attn(q, k, v)
+
+        # similarity
+
+        sim = einsum(f"b h i d, b h j d -> b h i j", q, k) * scale
+
+        # attention
+
+        attn = sim.softmax(dim=-1)
+        attn = self.attn_dropout(attn)
+
+        # aggregate values
+
+        out = einsum(f"b h i j, b h j d -> b h i d", attn, v)
+
+        return out
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib_v5/bs_roformer.py b/lib_v5/bs_roformer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab7e031
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib_v5/bs_roformer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,607 @@
+from functools import partial
+
+import torch
+from torch import nn, einsum, Tensor
+from torch.nn import Module, ModuleList
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+
+from .attend import Attend
+
+from beartype.typing import Tuple, Optional, List, Callable
+from beartype import beartype
+
+from rotary_embedding_torch import RotaryEmbedding
+
+from einops import rearrange, pack, unpack
+from einops.layers.torch import Rearrange
+
+# helper functions
+
+def exists(val):
+    return val is not None
+
+
+def default(v, d):
+    return v if exists(v) else d
+
+
+def pack_one(t, pattern):
+    return pack([t], pattern)
+
+
+def unpack_one(t, ps, pattern):
+    return unpack(t, ps, pattern)[0]
+
+
+# norm
+
+def l2norm(t):
+    return F.normalize(t, dim = -1, p = 2)
+
+
+class RMSNorm(Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.scale = dim ** 0.5
+        self.gamma = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(dim))
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = x.to(self.gamma.device)
+        return F.normalize(x, dim=-1) * self.scale * self.gamma
+
+
+# attention
+
+class FeedForward(Module):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            mult=4,
+            dropout=0.
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        dim_inner = int(dim * mult)
+        self.net = nn.Sequential(
+            RMSNorm(dim),
+            nn.Linear(dim, dim_inner),
+            nn.GELU(),
+            nn.Dropout(dropout),
+            nn.Linear(dim_inner, dim),
+            nn.Dropout(dropout)
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.net(x)
+
+
+class Attention(Module):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            heads=8,
+            dim_head=64,
+            dropout=0.,
+            rotary_embed=None,
+            flash=True
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.heads = heads
+        self.scale = dim_head ** -0.5
+        dim_inner = heads * dim_head
+
+        self.rotary_embed = rotary_embed
+
+        self.attend = Attend(flash=flash, dropout=dropout)
+
+        self.norm = RMSNorm(dim)
+        self.to_qkv = nn.Linear(dim, dim_inner * 3, bias=False)
+
+        self.to_gates = nn.Linear(dim, heads)
+
+        self.to_out = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Linear(dim_inner, dim, bias=False),
+            nn.Dropout(dropout)
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.norm(x)
+
+        q, k, v = rearrange(self.to_qkv(x), 'b n (qkv h d) -> qkv b h n d', qkv=3, h=self.heads)
+
+        if exists(self.rotary_embed):
+            q = self.rotary_embed.rotate_queries_or_keys(q)
+            k = self.rotary_embed.rotate_queries_or_keys(k)
+
+        out = self.attend(q, k, v)
+
+        gates = self.to_gates(x)
+        out = out * rearrange(gates, 'b n h -> b h n 1').sigmoid()
+
+        out = rearrange(out, 'b h n d -> b n (h d)')
+        return self.to_out(out)
+
+
+class LinearAttention(Module):
+    """
+    this flavor of linear attention proposed in https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.09681 by El-Nouby et al.
+    """
+
+    @beartype
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            *,
+            dim,
+            dim_head=32,
+            heads=8,
+            scale=8,
+            flash=False,
+            dropout=0.
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        dim_inner = dim_head * heads
+        self.norm = RMSNorm(dim)
+
+        self.to_qkv = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Linear(dim, dim_inner * 3, bias=False),
+            Rearrange('b n (qkv h d) -> qkv b h d n', qkv=3, h=heads)
+        )
+
+        self.temperature = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(heads, 1, 1))
+
+        self.attend = Attend(
+            scale=scale,
+            dropout=dropout,
+            flash=flash
+        )
+
+        self.to_out = nn.Sequential(
+            Rearrange('b h d n -> b n (h d)'),
+            nn.Linear(dim_inner, dim, bias=False)
+        )
+
+    def forward(
+            self,
+            x
+    ):
+        x = self.norm(x)
+
+        q, k, v = self.to_qkv(x)
+
+        q, k = map(l2norm, (q, k))
+        q = q * self.temperature.exp()
+
+        out = self.attend(q, k, v)
+
+        return self.to_out(out)
+
+
+class Transformer(Module):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            *,
+            dim,
+            depth,
+            dim_head=64,
+            heads=8,
+            attn_dropout=0.,
+            ff_dropout=0.,
+            ff_mult=4,
+            norm_output=True,
+            rotary_embed=None,
+            flash_attn=True,
+            linear_attn=False
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.layers = ModuleList([])
+
+        for _ in range(depth):
+            if linear_attn:
+                attn = LinearAttention(dim=dim, dim_head=dim_head, heads=heads, dropout=attn_dropout, flash=flash_attn)
+            else:
+                attn = Attention(dim=dim, dim_head=dim_head, heads=heads, dropout=attn_dropout,
+                                 rotary_embed=rotary_embed, flash=flash_attn)
+
+            self.layers.append(ModuleList([
+                attn,
+                FeedForward(dim=dim, mult=ff_mult, dropout=ff_dropout)
+            ]))
+
+        self.norm = RMSNorm(dim) if norm_output else nn.Identity()
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+
+        for attn, ff in self.layers:
+            x = attn(x) + x
+            x = ff(x) + x
+
+        return self.norm(x)
+
+
+# bandsplit module
+
+class BandSplit(Module):
+    @beartype
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            dim_inputs: Tuple[int, ...]
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.dim_inputs = dim_inputs
+        self.to_features = ModuleList([])
+
+        for dim_in in dim_inputs:
+            net = nn.Sequential(
+                RMSNorm(dim_in),
+                nn.Linear(dim_in, dim)
+            )
+
+            self.to_features.append(net)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = x.split(self.dim_inputs, dim=-1)
+
+        outs = []
+        for split_input, to_feature in zip(x, self.to_features):
+            split_output = to_feature(split_input)
+            outs.append(split_output)
+
+        return torch.stack(outs, dim=-2)
+
+
+def MLP(
+        dim_in,
+        dim_out,
+        dim_hidden=None,
+        depth=1,
+        activation=nn.Tanh
+):
+    dim_hidden = default(dim_hidden, dim_in)
+
+    net = []
+    dims = (dim_in, *((dim_hidden,) * (depth - 1)), dim_out)
+
+    for ind, (layer_dim_in, layer_dim_out) in enumerate(zip(dims[:-1], dims[1:])):
+        is_last = ind == (len(dims) - 2)
+
+        net.append(nn.Linear(layer_dim_in, layer_dim_out))
+
+        if is_last:
+            continue
+
+        net.append(activation())
+
+    return nn.Sequential(*net)
+
+
+class MaskEstimator(Module):
+    @beartype
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            dim_inputs: Tuple[int, ...],
+            depth,
+            mlp_expansion_factor=4
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.dim_inputs = dim_inputs
+        self.to_freqs = ModuleList([])
+        dim_hidden = dim * mlp_expansion_factor
+
+        for dim_in in dim_inputs:
+            net = []
+
+            mlp = nn.Sequential(
+                MLP(dim, dim_in * 2, dim_hidden=dim_hidden, depth=depth),
+                nn.GLU(dim=-1)
+            )
+
+            self.to_freqs.append(mlp)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = x.unbind(dim=-2)
+
+        outs = []
+
+        for band_features, mlp in zip(x, self.to_freqs):
+            freq_out = mlp(band_features)
+            outs.append(freq_out)
+
+        return torch.cat(outs, dim=-1)
+
+
+# main class
+
+DEFAULT_FREQS_PER_BANDS = (
+    2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+    2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+    2, 2, 2, 2,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
+    24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
+    48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48, 48,
+    128, 129,
+)
+
+
+class BSRoformer(Module):
+
+    @beartype
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            *,
+            depth,
+            stereo=False,
+            num_stems=1,
+            time_transformer_depth=2,
+            freq_transformer_depth=2,
+            linear_transformer_depth=0,
+            freqs_per_bands: Tuple[int, ...] = DEFAULT_FREQS_PER_BANDS,
+            # in the paper, they divide into ~60 bands, test with 1 for starters
+            dim_head=64,
+            heads=8,
+            attn_dropout=0.,
+            ff_dropout=0.,
+            flash_attn=True,
+            dim_freqs_in=1025,
+            stft_n_fft=2048,
+            stft_hop_length=512,
+            # 10ms at 44100Hz, from sections 4.1, 4.4 in the paper - @faroit recommends // 2 or // 4 for better reconstruction
+            stft_win_length=2048,
+            stft_normalized=False,
+            stft_window_fn: Optional[Callable] = None,
+            mask_estimator_depth=2,
+            multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight=1.,
+            multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes: Tuple[int, ...] = (4096, 2048, 1024, 512, 256),
+            multi_stft_hop_size=147,
+            multi_stft_normalized=False,
+            multi_stft_window_fn: Callable = torch.hann_window
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.stereo = stereo
+        self.audio_channels = 2 if stereo else 1
+        self.num_stems = num_stems
+
+        self.layers = ModuleList([])
+
+        transformer_kwargs = dict(
+            dim=dim,
+            heads=heads,
+            dim_head=dim_head,
+            attn_dropout=attn_dropout,
+            ff_dropout=ff_dropout,
+            flash_attn=flash_attn,
+            norm_output=False
+        )
+
+        time_rotary_embed = RotaryEmbedding(dim=dim_head)
+        freq_rotary_embed = RotaryEmbedding(dim=dim_head)
+
+        for _ in range(depth):
+            tran_modules = []
+            if linear_transformer_depth > 0:
+                tran_modules.append(Transformer(depth=linear_transformer_depth, linear_attn=True, **transformer_kwargs))
+            tran_modules.append(
+                Transformer(depth=time_transformer_depth, rotary_embed=time_rotary_embed, **transformer_kwargs)
+            )
+            tran_modules.append(
+                Transformer(depth=freq_transformer_depth, rotary_embed=freq_rotary_embed, **transformer_kwargs)
+            )
+            self.layers.append(nn.ModuleList(tran_modules))
+
+        self.final_norm = RMSNorm(dim)
+
+        self.stft_kwargs = dict(
+            n_fft=stft_n_fft,
+            hop_length=stft_hop_length,
+            win_length=stft_win_length,
+            normalized=stft_normalized
+        )
+
+        self.stft_window_fn = partial(default(stft_window_fn, torch.hann_window), stft_win_length)
+
+        freqs = torch.stft(torch.randn(1, 4096), **self.stft_kwargs, return_complex=True).shape[1]
+
+        assert len(freqs_per_bands) > 1
+        assert sum(
+            freqs_per_bands) == freqs, f'the number of freqs in the bands must equal {freqs} based on the STFT settings, but got {sum(freqs_per_bands)}'
+
+        freqs_per_bands_with_complex = tuple(2 * f * self.audio_channels for f in freqs_per_bands)
+
+        self.band_split = BandSplit(
+            dim=dim,
+            dim_inputs=freqs_per_bands_with_complex
+        )
+
+        self.mask_estimators = nn.ModuleList([])
+
+        for _ in range(num_stems):
+            mask_estimator = MaskEstimator(
+                dim=dim,
+                dim_inputs=freqs_per_bands_with_complex,
+                depth=mask_estimator_depth
+            )
+
+            self.mask_estimators.append(mask_estimator)
+
+        # for the multi-resolution stft loss
+
+        self.multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight = multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight
+        self.multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes = multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes
+        self.multi_stft_n_fft = stft_n_fft
+        self.multi_stft_window_fn = multi_stft_window_fn
+
+        self.multi_stft_kwargs = dict(
+            hop_length=multi_stft_hop_size,
+            normalized=multi_stft_normalized
+        )
+
+    def forward(
+            self,
+            raw_audio,
+            target=None,
+            return_loss_breakdown=False
+    ):
+        """
+        einops
+
+        b - batch
+        f - freq
+        t - time
+        s - audio channel (1 for mono, 2 for stereo)
+        n - number of 'stems'
+        c - complex (2)
+        d - feature dimension
+        """
+
+        original_device = raw_audio.device
+        
+        x_is_mps = True if original_device.type == 'mps' else False
+        
+        if x_is_mps:
+            raw_audio = raw_audio.cpu()
+
+        device = raw_audio.device
+
+        if raw_audio.ndim == 2:
+            raw_audio = rearrange(raw_audio, 'b t -> b 1 t')
+
+        channels = raw_audio.shape[1]
+        assert (not self.stereo and channels == 1) or (
+                    self.stereo and channels == 2), 'stereo needs to be set to True if passing in audio signal that is stereo (channel dimension of 2). also need to be False if mono (channel dimension of 1)'
+
+        # to stft
+
+        raw_audio, batch_audio_channel_packed_shape = pack_one(raw_audio, '* t')
+
+        stft_window = self.stft_window_fn(device=device)
+
+        stft_repr = torch.stft(raw_audio, **self.stft_kwargs, window=stft_window, return_complex=True)
+        stft_repr = torch.view_as_real(stft_repr)
+
+        stft_repr = unpack_one(stft_repr, batch_audio_channel_packed_shape, '* f t c')
+        stft_repr = rearrange(stft_repr,
+                              'b s f t c -> b (f s) t c')  # merge stereo / mono into the frequency, with frequency leading dimension, for band splitting
+
+        x = rearrange(stft_repr, 'b f t c -> b t (f c)')
+
+        x = self.band_split(x)
+
+        # axial / hierarchical attention
+
+        for transformer_block in self.layers:
+
+            if len(transformer_block) == 3:
+                linear_transformer, time_transformer, freq_transformer = transformer_block
+
+                x, ft_ps = pack([x], 'b * d')
+                x = linear_transformer(x)
+                x, = unpack(x, ft_ps, 'b * d')
+            else:
+                time_transformer, freq_transformer = transformer_block
+
+            x = rearrange(x, 'b t f d -> b f t d')
+            x, ps = pack([x], '* t d')
+
+            x = time_transformer(x)
+
+            x, = unpack(x, ps, '* t d')
+            x = rearrange(x, 'b f t d -> b t f d')
+            x, ps = pack([x], '* f d')
+
+            x = freq_transformer(x)
+
+            x, = unpack(x, ps, '* f d')
+
+        x = self.final_norm(x)
+
+        num_stems = len(self.mask_estimators)
+
+        mask = torch.stack([fn(x) for fn in self.mask_estimators], dim=1)
+        mask = rearrange(mask, 'b n t (f c) -> b n f t c', c=2)
+        
+        if x_is_mps:
+            mask = mask.to('cpu')
+
+        # modulate frequency representation
+
+        stft_repr = rearrange(stft_repr, 'b f t c -> b 1 f t c')
+
+        # complex number multiplication
+
+        stft_repr = torch.view_as_complex(stft_repr)
+        mask = torch.view_as_complex(mask)
+
+        stft_repr = stft_repr * mask
+
+        # istft
+
+        stft_repr = rearrange(stft_repr, 'b n (f s) t -> (b n s) f t', s=self.audio_channels)
+
+        recon_audio = torch.istft(stft_repr, **self.stft_kwargs, window=stft_window, return_complex=False)
+
+        recon_audio = rearrange(recon_audio, '(b n s) t -> b n s t', s=self.audio_channels, n=num_stems)
+
+        if num_stems == 1:
+            recon_audio = rearrange(recon_audio, 'b 1 s t -> b s t')
+
+        # if a target is passed in, calculate loss for learning
+
+        if not exists(target):
+            return recon_audio
+
+        if self.num_stems > 1:
+            assert target.ndim == 4 and target.shape[1] == self.num_stems
+
+        if target.ndim == 2:
+            target = rearrange(target, '... t -> ... 1 t')
+
+        target = target[..., :recon_audio.shape[-1]]
+
+        loss = F.l1_loss(recon_audio, target)
+
+        multi_stft_resolution_loss = 0.
+
+        for window_size in self.multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes:
+            res_stft_kwargs = dict(
+                n_fft=max(window_size, self.multi_stft_n_fft),
+                win_length=window_size,
+                return_complex=True,
+                window=self.multi_stft_window_fn(window_size, device=device),
+                **self.multi_stft_kwargs,
+            )
+
+            recon_Y = torch.stft(rearrange(recon_audio, '... s t -> (... s) t'), **res_stft_kwargs)
+            target_Y = torch.stft(rearrange(target, '... s t -> (... s) t'), **res_stft_kwargs)
+
+            multi_stft_resolution_loss = multi_stft_resolution_loss + F.l1_loss(recon_Y, target_Y)
+
+        weighted_multi_resolution_loss = multi_stft_resolution_loss * self.multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight
+
+        total_loss = loss + weighted_multi_resolution_loss
+
+
+        if not return_loss_breakdown:
+            # Move the result back to the original device if it was moved to CPU for MPS compatibility
+            if x_is_mps:
+                total_loss = total_loss.to(original_device)
+            return total_loss
+
+        # For detailed loss breakdown, ensure all components are moved back to the original device for MPS
+        if x_is_mps:
+            loss = loss.to(original_device)
+            multi_stft_resolution_loss = multi_stft_resolution_loss.to(original_device)
+            weighted_multi_resolution_loss = weighted_multi_resolution_loss.to(original_device)
+
+        return total_loss, (loss, multi_stft_resolution_loss)
+
+
+
+
+
+        # if not return_loss_breakdown:
+        #     return total_loss
+
+        # return total_loss, (loss, multi_stft_resolution_loss)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib_v5/mel_band_roformer.py b/lib_v5/mel_band_roformer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5cfecd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib_v5/mel_band_roformer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+from functools import partial
+
+import torch
+from torch import nn, einsum, Tensor
+from torch.nn import Module, ModuleList
+import torch.nn.functional as F
+
+from .attend import Attend
+
+from beartype.typing import Tuple, Optional, List, Callable
+from beartype import beartype
+
+from rotary_embedding_torch import RotaryEmbedding
+
+from einops import rearrange, pack, unpack, reduce, repeat
+
+from librosa import filters
+
+def exists(val):
+    return val is not None
+
+
+def default(v, d):
+    return v if exists(v) else d
+
+
+def pack_one(t, pattern):
+    return pack([t], pattern)
+
+
+def unpack_one(t, ps, pattern):
+    return unpack(t, ps, pattern)[0]
+
+
+def pad_at_dim(t, pad, dim=-1, value=0.):
+    dims_from_right = (- dim - 1) if dim < 0 else (t.ndim - dim - 1)
+    zeros = ((0, 0) * dims_from_right)
+    return F.pad(t, (*zeros, *pad), value=value)
+
+class RMSNorm(Module):
+    def __init__(self, dim):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.scale = dim ** 0.5
+        self.gamma = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(dim))
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = x.to(self.gamma.device)
+        return F.normalize(x, dim=-1) * self.scale * self.gamma
+
+class FeedForward(Module):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            mult=4,
+            dropout=0.
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        dim_inner = int(dim * mult)
+        self.net = nn.Sequential(
+            RMSNorm(dim),
+            nn.Linear(dim, dim_inner),
+            nn.GELU(),
+            nn.Dropout(dropout),
+            nn.Linear(dim_inner, dim),
+            nn.Dropout(dropout)
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        return self.net(x)
+
+
+class Attention(Module):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            heads=8,
+            dim_head=64,
+            dropout=0.,
+            rotary_embed=None,
+            flash=True
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.heads = heads
+        self.scale = dim_head ** -0.5
+        dim_inner = heads * dim_head
+
+        self.rotary_embed = rotary_embed
+
+        self.attend = Attend(flash=flash, dropout=dropout)
+
+        self.norm = RMSNorm(dim)
+        self.to_qkv = nn.Linear(dim, dim_inner * 3, bias=False)
+
+        self.to_gates = nn.Linear(dim, heads)
+
+        self.to_out = nn.Sequential(
+            nn.Linear(dim_inner, dim, bias=False),
+            nn.Dropout(dropout)
+        )
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = self.norm(x)
+
+        q, k, v = rearrange(self.to_qkv(x), 'b n (qkv h d) -> qkv b h n d', qkv=3, h=self.heads)
+
+        if exists(self.rotary_embed):
+            q = self.rotary_embed.rotate_queries_or_keys(q)
+            k = self.rotary_embed.rotate_queries_or_keys(k)
+
+        out = self.attend(q, k, v)
+
+        gates = self.to_gates(x)
+        out = out * rearrange(gates, 'b n h -> b h n 1').sigmoid()
+
+        out = rearrange(out, 'b h n d -> b n (h d)')
+        return self.to_out(out)
+
+
+class Transformer(Module):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            *,
+            dim,
+            depth,
+            dim_head=64,
+            heads=8,
+            attn_dropout=0.,
+            ff_dropout=0.,
+            ff_mult=4,
+            norm_output=True,
+            rotary_embed=None,
+            flash_attn=True
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.layers = ModuleList([])
+
+        for _ in range(depth):
+            self.layers.append(ModuleList([
+                Attention(dim=dim, dim_head=dim_head, heads=heads, dropout=attn_dropout, rotary_embed=rotary_embed,
+                          flash=flash_attn),
+                FeedForward(dim=dim, mult=ff_mult, dropout=ff_dropout)
+            ]))
+
+        self.norm = RMSNorm(dim) if norm_output else nn.Identity()
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+
+        for attn, ff in self.layers:
+            x = attn(x) + x
+            x = ff(x) + x
+
+        return self.norm(x)
+
+class BandSplit(Module):
+    @beartype
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            dim_inputs: Tuple[int, ...]
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.dim_inputs = dim_inputs
+        self.to_features = ModuleList([])
+
+        for dim_in in dim_inputs:
+            net = nn.Sequential(
+                RMSNorm(dim_in),
+                nn.Linear(dim_in, dim)
+            )
+
+            self.to_features.append(net)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = x.split(self.dim_inputs, dim=-1)
+
+        outs = []
+        for split_input, to_feature in zip(x, self.to_features):
+            split_output = to_feature(split_input)
+            outs.append(split_output)
+
+        return torch.stack(outs, dim=-2)
+
+
+def MLP(
+        dim_in,
+        dim_out,
+        dim_hidden=None,
+        depth=1,
+        activation=nn.Tanh
+):
+    dim_hidden = default(dim_hidden, dim_in)
+
+    net = []
+    dims = (dim_in, *((dim_hidden,) * depth), dim_out)
+
+    for ind, (layer_dim_in, layer_dim_out) in enumerate(zip(dims[:-1], dims[1:])):
+        is_last = ind == (len(dims) - 2)
+
+        net.append(nn.Linear(layer_dim_in, layer_dim_out))
+
+        if is_last:
+            continue
+
+        net.append(activation())
+
+    return nn.Sequential(*net)
+
+
+class MaskEstimator(Module):
+    @beartype
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            dim_inputs: Tuple[int, ...],
+            depth,
+            mlp_expansion_factor=4
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.dim_inputs = dim_inputs
+        self.to_freqs = ModuleList([])
+        dim_hidden = dim * mlp_expansion_factor
+
+        for dim_in in dim_inputs:
+            net = []
+
+            mlp = nn.Sequential(
+                MLP(dim, dim_in * 2, dim_hidden=dim_hidden, depth=depth),
+                nn.GLU(dim=-1)
+            )
+
+            self.to_freqs.append(mlp)
+
+    def forward(self, x):
+        x = x.unbind(dim=-2)
+
+        outs = []
+
+        for band_features, mlp in zip(x, self.to_freqs):
+            freq_out = mlp(band_features)
+            outs.append(freq_out)
+
+        return torch.cat(outs, dim=-1)
+
+class MelBandRoformer(Module):
+
+    @beartype
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            dim,
+            *,
+            depth,
+            stereo=False,
+            num_stems=1,
+            time_transformer_depth=2,
+            freq_transformer_depth=2,
+            num_bands=60,
+            dim_head=64,
+            heads=8,
+            attn_dropout=0.1,
+            ff_dropout=0.1,
+            flash_attn=True,
+            dim_freqs_in=1025,
+            sample_rate=44100,
+            stft_n_fft=2048,
+            stft_hop_length=512,
+            stft_win_length=2048,
+            stft_normalized=False,
+            stft_window_fn: Optional[Callable] = None,
+            mask_estimator_depth=1,
+            multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight=1.,
+            multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes: Tuple[int, ...] = (4096, 2048, 1024, 512, 256),
+            multi_stft_hop_size=147,
+            multi_stft_normalized=False,
+            multi_stft_window_fn: Callable = torch.hann_window,
+            match_input_audio_length=False,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.stereo = stereo
+        self.audio_channels = 2 if stereo else 1
+        self.num_stems = num_stems
+
+        self.layers = ModuleList([])
+
+        transformer_kwargs = dict(
+            dim=dim,
+            heads=heads,
+            dim_head=dim_head,
+            attn_dropout=attn_dropout,
+            ff_dropout=ff_dropout,
+            flash_attn=flash_attn
+        )
+
+        time_rotary_embed = RotaryEmbedding(dim=dim_head)
+        freq_rotary_embed = RotaryEmbedding(dim=dim_head)
+
+        for _ in range(depth):
+            self.layers.append(nn.ModuleList([
+                Transformer(depth=time_transformer_depth, rotary_embed=time_rotary_embed, **transformer_kwargs),
+                Transformer(depth=freq_transformer_depth, rotary_embed=freq_rotary_embed, **transformer_kwargs)
+            ]))
+
+        self.stft_window_fn = partial(default(stft_window_fn, torch.hann_window), stft_win_length)
+
+        self.stft_kwargs = dict(
+            n_fft=stft_n_fft,
+            hop_length=stft_hop_length,
+            win_length=stft_win_length,
+            normalized=stft_normalized
+        )
+
+        freqs = torch.stft(torch.randn(1, 4096), **self.stft_kwargs, return_complex=True).shape[1]
+
+        mel_filter_bank_numpy = filters.mel(sr=sample_rate, n_fft=stft_n_fft, n_mels=num_bands)
+
+        mel_filter_bank = torch.from_numpy(mel_filter_bank_numpy)
+
+        mel_filter_bank[0][0] = 1.
+
+        mel_filter_bank[-1, -1] = 1.
+
+        freqs_per_band = mel_filter_bank > 0
+        assert freqs_per_band.any(dim=0).all(), 'all frequencies need to be covered by all bands for now'
+
+        repeated_freq_indices = repeat(torch.arange(freqs), 'f -> b f', b=num_bands)
+        freq_indices = repeated_freq_indices[freqs_per_band]
+
+        if stereo:
+            freq_indices = repeat(freq_indices, 'f -> f s', s=2)
+            freq_indices = freq_indices * 2 + torch.arange(2)
+            freq_indices = rearrange(freq_indices, 'f s -> (f s)')
+
+        self.register_buffer('freq_indices', freq_indices, persistent=False)
+        self.register_buffer('freqs_per_band', freqs_per_band, persistent=False)
+
+        num_freqs_per_band = reduce(freqs_per_band, 'b f -> b', 'sum')
+        num_bands_per_freq = reduce(freqs_per_band, 'b f -> f', 'sum')
+
+        self.register_buffer('num_freqs_per_band', num_freqs_per_band, persistent=False)
+        self.register_buffer('num_bands_per_freq', num_bands_per_freq, persistent=False)
+
+        freqs_per_bands_with_complex = tuple(2 * f * self.audio_channels for f in num_freqs_per_band.tolist())
+
+        self.band_split = BandSplit(
+            dim=dim,
+            dim_inputs=freqs_per_bands_with_complex
+        )
+
+        self.mask_estimators = nn.ModuleList([])
+
+        for _ in range(num_stems):
+            mask_estimator = MaskEstimator(
+                dim=dim,
+                dim_inputs=freqs_per_bands_with_complex,
+                depth=mask_estimator_depth
+            )
+
+            self.mask_estimators.append(mask_estimator)
+
+        self.multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight = multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight
+        self.multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes = multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes
+        self.multi_stft_n_fft = stft_n_fft
+        self.multi_stft_window_fn = multi_stft_window_fn
+
+        self.multi_stft_kwargs = dict(
+            hop_length=multi_stft_hop_size,
+            normalized=multi_stft_normalized
+        )
+
+        self.match_input_audio_length = match_input_audio_length
+
+    def forward(
+            self,
+            raw_audio,
+            target=None,
+            return_loss_breakdown=False
+    ):
+        """
+        einops
+
+        b - batch
+        f - freq
+        t - time
+        s - audio channel (1 for mono, 2 for stereo)
+        n - number of 'stems'
+        c - complex (2)
+        d - feature dimension
+        """
+
+        original_device = raw_audio.device
+        x_is_mps = True if original_device.type == 'mps' else False
+        
+        if x_is_mps:
+            raw_audio = raw_audio.cpu()
+
+        device = raw_audio.device
+
+        if raw_audio.ndim == 2:
+            raw_audio = rearrange(raw_audio, 'b t -> b 1 t')
+
+        batch, channels, raw_audio_length = raw_audio.shape
+
+        istft_length = raw_audio_length if self.match_input_audio_length else None
+
+        assert (not self.stereo and channels == 1) or (
+                    self.stereo and channels == 2), 'stereo needs to be set to True if passing in audio signal that is stereo (channel dimension of 2). also need to be False if mono (channel dimension of 1)'
+
+        raw_audio, batch_audio_channel_packed_shape = pack_one(raw_audio, '* t')
+
+        stft_window = self.stft_window_fn(device=device)
+
+        stft_repr = torch.stft(raw_audio, **self.stft_kwargs, window=stft_window, return_complex=True)
+        stft_repr = torch.view_as_real(stft_repr)
+
+        stft_repr = unpack_one(stft_repr, batch_audio_channel_packed_shape, '* f t c')
+        stft_repr = rearrange(stft_repr,
+                              'b s f t c -> b (f s) t c')  # merge stereo / mono into the frequency, with frequency leading dimension, for band splitting
+
+        batch_arange = torch.arange(batch, device=device)[..., None]
+
+        x = stft_repr[batch_arange, self.freq_indices.cpu()] if x_is_mps else stft_repr[batch_arange, self.freq_indices]
+
+        x = rearrange(x, 'b f t c -> b t (f c)')
+
+        x = self.band_split(x)
+
+        for time_transformer, freq_transformer in self.layers:
+            x = rearrange(x, 'b t f d -> b f t d')
+            x, ps = pack([x], '* t d')
+
+            x = time_transformer(x)
+
+            x, = unpack(x, ps, '* t d')
+            x = rearrange(x, 'b f t d -> b t f d')
+            x, ps = pack([x], '* f d')
+
+            x = freq_transformer(x)
+
+            x, = unpack(x, ps, '* f d')
+
+        num_stems = len(self.mask_estimators)
+
+        masks = torch.stack([fn(x) for fn in self.mask_estimators], dim=1)
+        masks = rearrange(masks, 'b n t (f c) -> b n f t c', c=2)
+        if x_is_mps:
+            masks = masks.cpu()
+
+        stft_repr = rearrange(stft_repr, 'b f t c -> b 1 f t c')
+
+        stft_repr = torch.view_as_complex(stft_repr)
+        masks = torch.view_as_complex(masks)
+
+        masks = masks.type(stft_repr.dtype)
+
+        if x_is_mps:
+            scatter_indices = repeat(self.freq_indices.cpu(), 'f -> b n f t', b=batch, n=num_stems, t=stft_repr.shape[-1])
+        else:
+            scatter_indices = repeat(self.freq_indices, 'f -> b n f t', b=batch, n=num_stems, t=stft_repr.shape[-1])
+        stft_repr_expanded_stems = repeat(stft_repr, 'b 1 ... -> b n ...', n=num_stems)
+        masks_summed = torch.zeros_like(stft_repr_expanded_stems).scatter_add_(2, scatter_indices, masks)
+
+        denom = repeat(self.num_bands_per_freq, 'f -> (f r) 1', r=channels)
+        if x_is_mps:
+            denom = denom.cpu()
+
+        masks_averaged = masks_summed / denom.clamp(min=1e-8)
+
+        stft_repr = stft_repr * masks_averaged
+
+        stft_repr = rearrange(stft_repr, 'b n (f s) t -> (b n s) f t', s=self.audio_channels)
+
+        recon_audio = torch.istft(stft_repr, **self.stft_kwargs, window=stft_window, return_complex=False,
+                                  length=istft_length)
+
+        recon_audio = rearrange(recon_audio, '(b n s) t -> b n s t', b=batch, s=self.audio_channels, n=num_stems)
+
+        if num_stems == 1:
+            recon_audio = rearrange(recon_audio, 'b 1 s t -> b s t')
+
+        if not exists(target):
+            return recon_audio
+
+        if self.num_stems > 1:
+            assert target.ndim == 4 and target.shape[1] == self.num_stems
+
+        if target.ndim == 2:
+            target = rearrange(target, '... t -> ... 1 t')
+
+        target = target[..., :recon_audio.shape[-1]]
+
+        loss = F.l1_loss(recon_audio, target)
+
+        multi_stft_resolution_loss = 0.
+
+        for window_size in self.multi_stft_resolutions_window_sizes:
+            res_stft_kwargs = dict(
+                n_fft=max(window_size, self.multi_stft_n_fft),
+                win_length=window_size,
+                return_complex=True,
+                window=self.multi_stft_window_fn(window_size, device=device),
+                **self.multi_stft_kwargs,
+            )
+
+            recon_Y = torch.stft(rearrange(recon_audio, '... s t -> (... s) t'), **res_stft_kwargs)
+            target_Y = torch.stft(rearrange(target, '... s t -> (... s) t'), **res_stft_kwargs)
+
+            multi_stft_resolution_loss = multi_stft_resolution_loss + F.l1_loss(recon_Y, target_Y)
+
+        weighted_multi_resolution_loss = multi_stft_resolution_loss * self.multi_stft_resolution_loss_weight
+
+        total_loss = loss + weighted_multi_resolution_loss
+
+
+        # Move the total loss back to the original device if necessary
+        if x_is_mps:
+            total_loss = total_loss.to(original_device)
+
+        if not return_loss_breakdown:
+            return total_loss
+
+        # If detailed loss breakdown is requested, ensure all components are on the original device
+        return total_loss, (loss.to(original_device) if x_is_mps else loss, 
+                            multi_stft_resolution_loss.to(original_device) if x_is_mps else multi_stft_resolution_loss)
+
+        # if not return_loss_breakdown:
+        #     return total_loss
+
+        # return total_loss, (loss, multi_stft_resolution_loss)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib_v5/spec_utils.py b/lib_v5/spec_utils.py
index 8ec520d..9f75e2c 100644
--- a/lib_v5/spec_utils.py
+++ b/lib_v5/spec_utils.py
@@ -541,7 +541,9 @@ def ensembling(a, inputs, is_wavs=False):
         if MIN_SPEC == a:
             input = np.where(np.abs(inputs[i]) <= np.abs(input), inputs[i], input)
         if MAX_SPEC == a:
-            input = np.where(np.abs(inputs[i]) >= np.abs(input), inputs[i], input)  
+            #input = np.array(np.where(np.greater_equal(np.abs(inputs[i]), np.abs(input)), inputs[i], input), dtype=object)
+            input = np.where(np.abs(inputs[i]) >= np.abs(input), inputs[i], input)
+            #max_spec = np.array([np.where(np.greater_equal(np.abs(inputs[i]), np.abs(input)), s, specs[0]) for s in specs[1:]], dtype=object)[-1]
 
     #linear_ensemble
     #input = ensemble_wav(inputs, split_size=1)