#include "better_timing.hpp"

#include <string>

#include <fmt/core.h>
#include <json.hpp>

#include "better_beats.hpp"
#include "json_decimal_handling.hpp"

namespace better {
    BPMAtBeat::BPMAtBeat(Decimal bpm_, Fraction beats_) :
        bpm(bpm_),
        bpm_as_double(std::stod(bpm_.format("f"))),
        beats(beats_)
    {
        if (bpm <= 0) {
            std::stringstream ss;
            ss << "Attempted to create a BPMAtBeat with negative BPM : ";
            ss << bpm;
            throw std::invalid_argument(ss.str());
        }
    };

    Decimal BPMAtBeat::get_bpm() const {
        return bpm;
    }

    double BPMAtBeat::get_bpm_as_double() const {
        return bpm_as_double;
    }
    
    Fraction BPMAtBeat::get_beats() const {
        return beats;
    }

    BPMEvent::BPMEvent(Fraction beats_, double seconds_, Decimal bpm_) :
        bpm(bpm_),
        bpm_as_double(std::stod(bpm_.format("f"))),
        beats(beats_),
        seconds(seconds_)
    {};

    Decimal BPMEvent::get_bpm() const {
        return bpm;
    }

    double BPMEvent::get_bpm_as_double() const {
        return bpm_as_double;
    }
    
    Fraction BPMEvent::get_beats() const {
        return beats;
    }

    double BPMEvent::get_seconds() const {
        return seconds;
    };

    std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const BPMEvent& b) {
        out << fmt::format("{}", b);
        return out;
    }
    

    // Default constructor, used when creating a new song from scratch
    Timing::Timing() :
        Timing({{120, 0}}, 0)
    {};
    
    /*
    Create a Time Map from a list of BPM changes with times given in
    beats, the offset parameter is more flexible than a "regular" beat zero
    offset as it accepts non-zero beats
    */
    Timing::Timing(const std::vector<BPMAtBeat>& events, const Decimal& offset_) :
        offset(offset_),
        offset_as_double(std::stod(offset_.format("f")))
    {
        if (events.empty()) {
            throw std::invalid_argument(
                "Attempted to create a Timing object with no BPM events"
            );
        }

        std::multiset<BPMAtBeat, OrderByBeats> grouped_by_beats{events.begin(), events.end()};
        std::set<BPMAtBeat, OrderByBeats> sorted_events{events.begin(), events.end()};

        for (const auto& bpm_at_beat : sorted_events) {
            auto [begin, end] = grouped_by_beats.equal_range(bpm_at_beat);
            if (std::distance(begin, end) > 1) {
                std::stringstream ss;
                ss << "Attempted to create a Timing object with multiple ";
                ss << "BPMs defined at beat " << bpm_at_beat.get_beats();
                ss << " :";
                std::for_each(begin, end, [&ss](auto b){
                    ss << " (bpm: " << b.get_bpm() << ", beat: ";
                    ss << b.get_beats() << "),";
                });
                throw std::invalid_argument(ss.str());
            }
        }

        auto first_event = sorted_events.begin();
        double current_second = 0;
        std::vector<BPMEvent> bpm_changes;
        bpm_changes.reserve(sorted_events.size());
        bpm_changes.emplace_back(
            first_event->get_beats(),
            current_second,
            first_event->get_bpm()
        );

        auto previous = first_event;
        auto current = std::next(first_event);
        for (; current != sorted_events.end(); ++previous, ++current) {
            const Fraction beats_since_last_event = current->get_beats() - previous->get_beats();
            double seconds_since_last_event = static_cast<double>(beats_since_last_event) * 60 / previous->get_bpm_as_double();
            current_second += seconds_since_last_event;
            bpm_changes.emplace_back(
                current->get_beats(),
                current_second,
                current->get_bpm()
            );
        }
        this->events_by_beats
            .insert(bpm_changes.begin(), bpm_changes.end());
        this->events_by_seconds
            .insert(bpm_changes.begin(), bpm_changes.end());
    }

    /*
    Return the amount of seconds at the given beat.

    Before the first bpm change, compute backwards from the first bpm,
    after the first bpm change, compute forwards from the previous bpm
    change
    */
    double Timing::seconds_at(Fraction beats) const {
        auto bpm_change = this->events_by_beats.upper_bound(BPMEvent(beats, 0, 0));
        if (bpm_change != this->events_by_beats.begin()) {
            bpm_change = std::prev(bpm_change);
        }
        const Fraction beats_since_previous_event = beats - bpm_change->get_beats();
        double seconds_since_previous_event = static_cast<double>(beats_since_previous_event) * 60 / bpm_change->get_bpm_as_double();
        return (
            offset_as_double
            + bpm_change->get_seconds()
            + seconds_since_previous_event
        );
    };

    double Timing::seconds_between(Fraction beat_a, Fraction beat_b) const {
        return seconds_at(beat_b) - seconds_at(beat_a);
    };

    sf::Time Timing::time_at(Fraction beats) const {
        return sf::seconds(seconds_at(beats));
    };

    sf::Time Timing::time_between(Fraction beat_a, Fraction beat_b) const {
        return sf::seconds(seconds_between(beat_a, beat_b));
    };

    Fraction Timing::beats_at(sf::Time time) const {
        const auto seconds = static_cast<double>(time.asMicroseconds()) / 1000000.0;
        return beats_at(seconds);
    };

    Fraction Timing::beats_at(double seconds) const {
        seconds -= offset_as_double;
        auto bpm_change = this->events_by_seconds.upper_bound(BPMEvent(0, seconds, 0));
        if (bpm_change != this->events_by_seconds.begin()) {
            bpm_change = std::prev(bpm_change);
        }
        auto seconds_since_previous_event = seconds - bpm_change->get_seconds();
        auto beats_since_previous_event = (
            convert_to_fraction(bpm_change->get_bpm())
            * Fraction{seconds_since_previous_event}
            / 60
        );
        return bpm_change->get_beats() + beats_since_previous_event;
    };

    nlohmann::ordered_json Timing::dump_to_memon_1_0_0() const {
        nlohmann::ordered_json j;
        j["offset"] = offset.format("f");
        auto bpms = nlohmann::ordered_json::array();
        for (const auto& bpm_change : events_by_beats) {
            bpms.push_back({
                {"beat", beat_to_best_form(bpm_change.get_beats())},
                {"bpm", bpm_change.get_bpm().format("f")}
            });
        }
        j["bpms"] = bpms;
        return j;
    };

    Timing Timing::load_from_memon_1_0_0(const nlohmann::json& json) {
        Decimal offset = 0;
        if (json.contains("offset")) {
            offset = load_as_decimal(json["offset"]);
        }
        std::uint64_t resolution = 240;
        if (json.contains("resolution")) {
            resolution = json["resolution"].get<std::uint64_t>();
        }
        std::vector<BPMAtBeat> bpms;
        if (not json.contains("bpms")) {
            bpms = {{120, 0}};
        } else {
            for (const auto& bpm_json : json["bpms"]) {
                try {
                    bpms.emplace_back(
                        load_as_decimal(bpm_json["bpm"]),
                        load_memon_1_0_0_beat(bpm_json["beat"], resolution)
                    );
                } catch (const std::exception&) {
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }
        return {
            bpms,
            offset
        };
    };

    /*
    In legacy memon, offset is the OPPOSITE of the time (in seconds) at which
    the first beat occurs in the music file
    */
    Timing Timing::load_from_memon_legacy(const nlohmann::json& metadata) {
        const auto bpm = load_as_decimal(metadata["BPM"]);
        const auto offset = load_as_decimal(metadata["offset"]);
        return Timing{{{bpm, 0}}, -1 * offset};
    };

    const std::set<BPMEvent, OrderByBeats>& Timing::get_events_by_beats() const {
        return events_by_beats;
    }

    std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Timing& t) {
        out << fmt::format("{}", t);
        return out;
    };
}