mkdocs-material/docs/customization.md

Customization

Project documentation is as diverse as the projects themselves and Material for MkDocs is a great starting point for making it look beautiful. However, as you write your documentation, you may reach a point where small adjustments are necessary to preserve your brand's style.

Adding assets

MkDocs provides several ways to customize a theme. In order to make a few small tweaks to Material for MkDocs, you can just add CSS and JavaScript files to the docs directory.

Additional CSS

If you want to tweak some colors or change the spacing of certain elements, you can do this in a separate style sheet. The easiest way is by creating a new style sheet file in the docs directory:

.
├─ docs/
│  └─ stylesheets/
│     └─ extra.css
└─ mkdocs.yml

Then, add the following lines to mkdocs.yml:

extra_css:
  - stylesheets/extra.css

Additional JavaScript

If you want to integrate another syntax highlighter or add some custom logic to your theme, create a new JavaScript file in the docs directory:

.
├─ docs/
│  └─ javascripts/
│     └─ extra.js
└─ mkdocs.yml

Then, add the following lines to mkdocs.yml:

extra_javascript:
  - javascripts/extra.js

??? tip "How to integrate with third-party JavaScript libraries"

It is likely that you will want to run your JavaScript code only
once the page has been fully loaded by the browser. This means
installing a callback function subscribing to events on the
`document$` observable exported by Material for MkDocs.
Using the `document$` observable is particularly important if you
are using [instant loading] since it will not result in a page
refresh in the browser - but subscribers on the observable will be
notified.

``` javascript
document$.subscribe(function() {
  console.log("Initialize third-party libraries here")
})
```

`document$` is an [RxJS Observable] and you can call the `subscribe()`
method any number of times to attach different functionality.

Extending the theme

If you want to alter the HTML source (e.g. add or remove some parts), you can extend the theme. MkDocs supports theme extension, an easy way to override parts of Material for MkDocs without forking from git. This ensures that you can update to the latest version more easily.

Setup and theme structure

Enable Material for MkDocs as usual in mkdocs.yml, and create a new folder for overrides which you then reference using the custom_dir setting:

theme:
  name: material
  custom_dir: overrides

!!! warning "Theme extension prerequisites"

As the [`custom_dir`][custom_dir] setting is used for the theme extension
process, Material for MkDocs needs to be installed via `pip` and referenced
with the [`name`][name] setting in `mkdocs.yml`. It will not work when
cloning from `git`.

The structure in the overrides directory must mirror the directory structure of the original theme, as any file in the overrides directory will replace the file with the same name which is part of the original theme. Besides, further assets may also be put in the overrides directory:

.
├─ .icons/                             # Bundled icon sets
├─ assets/
│  ├─ images/                          # Images and icons
│  ├─ javascripts/                     # JavaScript files
│  └─ stylesheets/                     # Style sheets
├─ partials/
│  ├─ integrations/                    # Third-party integrations
│  │  ├─ analytics/                    # Analytics integrations
│  │  └─ analytics.html                # Analytics setup
│  ├─ languages/                       # Translation languages
│  ├─ actions.html                     # Actions
│  ├─ alternate.html                   # Site language selector
│  ├─ comments.html                    # Comment system (empty by default)
│  ├─ consent.html                     # Consent
│  ├─ content.html                     # Page content
│  ├─ copyright.html                   # Copyright and theme information
│  ├─ feedback.html                    # Was this page helpful?
│  ├─ footer.html                      # Footer bar
│  ├─ header.html                      # Header bar
│  ├─ icons.html                       # Custom icons
│  ├─ language.html                    # Translation setup
│  ├─ logo.html                        # Logo in header and sidebar
│  ├─ nav.html                         # Main navigation
│  ├─ nav-item.html                    # Main navigation item
│  ├─ pagination.html                  # Pagination (used for blog)
│  ├─ palette.html                     # Color palette toggle
│  ├─ post.html                        # Blog post excerpt
│  ├─ progress.html                    # Progress indicator
│  ├─ search.html                      # Search interface
│  ├─ social.html                      # Social links
│  ├─ source.html                      # Repository information
│  ├─ source-file.html                 # Source file information
│  ├─ tabs.html                        # Tabs navigation
│  ├─ tabs-item.html                   # Tabs navigation item
│  ├─ tags.html                        # Tags
│  ├─ toc.html                         # Table of contents
│  ├─ toc-item.html                    # Table of contents item
│  └─ top.html                         # Back-to-top button
├─ 404.html                            # 404 error page
├─ base.html                           # Base template
├─ blog.html                           # Blog index page
├─ blog-archive.html                   # Blog archive index page
├─ blog-category.html                  # Blog category index page
├─ blog-post.html                      # Blog post page
└─ main.html                           # Default page

Overriding partials

In order to override a partial, we can replace it with a file of the same name and location in the overrides directory. For example, to replace the original footer.html partial, create a new footer.html partial in the overrides directory:

.
├─ overrides/
│  └─ partials/
│     └─ footer.html
└─ mkdocs.yml

MkDocs will now use the new partial when rendering the theme. This can be done with any file.

Overriding blocks recommended

Besides overriding partials, it's also possible to override (and extend) template blocks, which are defined inside the templates and wrap specific features. In order to set up block overrides, create a main.html file inside the overrides directory:

.
├─ overrides/
│  └─ main.html
└─ mkdocs.yml

Then, e.g. to override the site title, add the following lines to main.html:

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block htmltitle %}
  <title>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</title>
{% endblock %}

If you intend to add something to a block rather than to replace it altogether with new content, use {{ super() }} inside the block to include the original block content. This is particularly useful when adding third-party scripts to your docs, e.g.

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block scripts %}
  <!-- Add scripts that need to run before here -->
  {{ super() }}
  <!-- Add scripts that need to run afterwards here -->
{% endblock %}

The following template blocks are provided by the theme:

Block name	Purpose
analytics	Wraps the Google Analytics integration
announce	Wraps the announcement bar
config	Wraps the JavaScript application config
container	Wraps the main content container
content	Wraps the main content
extrahead	Empty block to add custom meta tags
fonts	Wraps the font definitions
footer	Wraps the footer with navigation and copyright
header	Wraps the fixed header bar
hero	Wraps the hero teaser (if available)
htmltitle	Wraps the <title> tag
libs	Wraps the JavaScript libraries (header)
outdated	Wraps the version warning
scripts	Wraps the JavaScript application (footer)
site_meta	Wraps the meta tags in the document head
site_nav	Wraps the site navigation and table of contents
styles	Wraps the style sheets (also extra sources)
tabs	Wraps the tabs navigation (if available)

Theme development

Material for MkDocs is built on top of TypeScript, RxJS and SASS, and uses a lean, custom build process to put everything together.¹ If you want to make more fundamental changes, it may be necessary to make the adjustments directly in the source of the theme and recompile it.

Environment setup

First, clone the repository for the edition you want to work on. If you want to clone the Insiders repository, you need to become a sponsor first to gain access.

=== "Material for MkDocs"

```
git clone https://github.com/squidfunk/mkdocs-material
cd mkdocs-material
```

=== "Insiders"

You will need to have a GitHub access token [as described in the
Insiders documentation] and make it available in the `$GH_TOKEN`
variable.

``` sh
git clone https://${GH_TOKEN}@github.com/squidfunk/mkdocs-material-insiders.git # (1)!
```

1.  If you are using SSH keys for authenticating with GitHub, you can
    clone Insiders with this command:

    ```
    git clone git@github.com:squidfunk/mkdocs-material-insiders.git
    ```

[as described in the Insiders documentation]: insiders/getting-started.md#requirements

Next, create a new Python virtual environment and activate it:

python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate

!!! note "Ensure pip always runs in a virtual environment"

If you set the environment variable `PIP_REQUIRE_VIRTUALENV` to
`true`, `pip` will refuse to install anything outside a virtual
environment. Forgetting to activate a `venv` can be very annoying
as it will install all sorts of things outside virtual
environments over time, possibly leading to further errors. So,
you may want to add this to your `.bashrc` or `.zshrc` and
re-start your shell:

```
export PIP_REQUIRE_VIRTUALENV=true
```

Then, install all Python dependencies:

=== "Material for MkDocs"

```
pip install -e ".[recommended]"
pip install nodeenv
```

=== "Insiders"

```
pip install -e ".[recommended, imaging]"
pip install nodeenv
```

In addition, you will need to install the `cairo` and `pngquant` libraries in your
system, as described in the [image processing] requirements guide.

[image processing]: plugins/requirements/image-processing.md

Finally, install the Node.js LTS version into the Python virtual environment and install all Node.js dependencies:

nodeenv -p -n lts
npm install

Development mode

Start the watcher with:

npm start

Then, in a second terminal window, start the MkDocs live preview server with:

mkdocs serve --watch-theme

Point your browser to localhost:8000 and you should see this very documentation in front of you.

!!! warning "Automatically generated files"

Never make any changes in the `material` directory, as the contents of this
directory are automatically generated from the `src` directory and will be
overwritten when the theme is built.

Building the theme

When you're finished making your changes, you can build the theme by invoking:

npm run build # (1)!

1. While this command will build all theme files, it will skip the overrides used in Material for MkDocs' own documentation which are not distributed with the theme. If you forked the theme and want to build the overrides as well, e.g. before submitting a PR with changes, use:

   npm run build:all
   

   This will take longer, as now the icon search index, schema files, as well as additional style sheet and JavaScript files are built.

This triggers the production-level compilation and minification of all style sheets and JavaScript files. After the command exits, the compiled files are located in the material directory. When running mkdocs build, you should now see your changes to the original theme.

---

1. Prior to the build was based on Webpack, resulting in occasional broken builds due to incompatibilities with loaders and plugins. Therefore, we decided to swap Webpack for a leaner solution which is now based on RxJS as the application itself. This allowed for the pruning of more than 500 dependencies (~30% less). ↩︎