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428 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
428 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Built-in search plugin
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icon: material/magnify
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---
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# Built-in search plugin
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The search plugin adds a search bar to the header, allowing users to search your
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documentation. It's powered by [lunr.js], a lightweight full-text search engine
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for the browser, elimininating the need for external services, and even works
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when building [offline-capable documentation].
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[lunr.js]: https://lunrjs.com/
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[offline-capable documentation]: ../setup/building-for-offline-usage.md
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## Objective
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### How it works
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The plugin scans the generated HTML and builds a search index from all pages and
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sections by extracting the section titles and contents. It preserves some inline
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formatting like code blocks and lists, but removes all other formatting, so the
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search index is as small as possible.
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When a user visits your site, the search index is shipped to the browser,
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indexed with [lunr.js] and made available for fast and simple querying – no
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server needed. This ensures that the search index is always up to date with
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your documentation, yielding accurate results.
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### When to use it
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It's generally recommended to use the plugin, as interactive search functionality
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is a vital part of every good documentation. Additionally, the plugin integrates
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perfectly with several of the other [built-in plugins] that Material for MkDocs
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offers:
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<div class="grid cards" markdown>
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- :material-connection: __[Built-in offline plugin][offline]__
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---
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The offline plugin adds support for building offline-capable documentation,
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so you can distribute the [`site` directory][mkdocs.site_dir] as a `.zip`
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file that can be downloaded.
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---
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__Your documentation can work without connectivity to the internet__
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- :material-file-tree: __[Built-in meta plugin][meta]__
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---
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The meta plugin makes it easy to [boost][meta.search.boost] specific
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sections in search results or to [exclude][meta.search.exclude] them
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entirely from being indexed, giving more granular control over search.
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---
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__Simpler organization and management of search in different subsections__
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</div>
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[offline]: offline.md
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[meta]: meta.md
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[built-in plugins]: index.md
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## Configuration
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<!-- md:version 9.0.0 -->
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<!-- md:plugin [search] – built-in -->
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As with all [built-in plugins], getting started with the search plugin is
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straightforward. Just add the following lines to `mkdocs.yml`, and your users
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will be able to search your documentation:
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search
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```
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The search plugin is built into Material for MkDocs and doesn't need to be
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installed.
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[search]: search.md
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[built-in plugins]: index.md
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### General
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The following settings are available:
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting config.enabled -->
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<!-- md:version 9.2.9 -->
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<!-- md:default `true` -->
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Use this setting to enable or disable the plugin when [building your project].
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It's normally not necessary to specify this setting, but if you want to disable
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the plugin, use:
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search:
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enabled: false
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```
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[building your project]: ../creating-your-site.md#building-your-site
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### Search
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The following settings are available for search:
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting config.lang -->
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<!-- md:version 9.0.0 -->
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<!-- md:default computed -->
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Use this setting to specify the language of the search index, enabling [stemming]
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support for other languages than English. The default value is automatically
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computed from the [site language], but can be explicitly set to another language
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or even multiple languages with:
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=== "Set language"
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search:
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lang: en
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```
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=== "Add further languages"
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search:
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lang: # (1)!
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- en
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- de
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```
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1. Be aware that including support for further languages increases the
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base JavaScript payload by around 20kb and by another 15-30kb per
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language, all before `gzip`.
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[stemming]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stemming
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[site language]: ../setup/changing-the-language.md#site-language
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[lunr languages]: https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
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Language support is provided by [lunr languages], a collection of
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language-specific stemmers and stop words for [lunr.js] maintained by the
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Open Source community.
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---
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The following languages are currently supported by [lunr languages]:
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<div class="mdx-columns" markdown>
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- `ar` – Arabic
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- `da` – Danish
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- `de` – German
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- `du` – Dutch
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- `en` – English
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- `es` – Spanish
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- `fi` – Finnish
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- `fr` – French
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- `hi` – Hindi
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- `hu` – Hungarian
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- `hy` – Armenian
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- `it` – Italian
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- `ja` – Japanese
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- `kn` - Kannada
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- `ko` – Korean
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- `no` – Norwegian
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- `pt` – Portuguese
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- `ro` – Romanian
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- `ru` – Russian
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- `sa` – Sanskrit
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- `sv` – Swedish
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- `ta` – Tamil
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- `te` – Telugu
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- `th` – Thai
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- `tr` – Turkish
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- `vi` – Vietnamese
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- `zh` – Chinese
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</div>
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If [lunr languages] doesn't provide support for the selected [site language],
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the plugin falls back to another language that yields the best stemming results.
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If you discover that the search results are not satisfactory, you can contribute
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to [lunr languages] by adding support for your language.
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting config.separator -->
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<!-- md:version 9.0.0 -->
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<!-- md:default computed -->
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Use this setting to specify the separator used to split words when building the
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search index on the client side. The default value is automatically computed
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from the [site language], but can also be explicitly set to another value with:
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search:
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separator: '[\s\-,:!=\[\]()"/]+|(?!\b)(?=[A-Z][a-z])|\.(?!\d)|&[lg]t;'
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```
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Separators support [positive and negative lookahead assertions], which allows
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for rather complex expressions that yield precise control over how words are
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split when building the search index.
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Broken into its parts, this separator induces the following behavior:
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=== "Special characters"
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```
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[\s\-,:!=\[\]()"/]+
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```
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The first part of the expression inserts token boundaries for each
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document before and after whitespace, hyphens, commas, brackets and
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other special characters. If several of those special characters are
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adjacent, they are treated as one.
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=== "Case changes"
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```
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(?!\b)(?=[A-Z][a-z])
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```
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Many programming languages have naming conventions like `PascalCase` or
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`camelCase`. By adding this subexpression to the separator,
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[words are split at case changes], tokenizing the word `PascalCase`
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into `Pascal` and `Case`.
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=== "Version strings"
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```
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\.(?!\d)
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```
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When adding `.` to the separator, version strings like `1.2.3` are split
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into `1`, `2` and `3`, which makes them undiscoverable via search. When
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using this subexpression, a small lookahead is introduced which will
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[preserve version strings] and keep them discoverable.
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=== "HTML/XML tags"
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```
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&[lg]t;
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```
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If your documentation includes HTML/XML code examples, you may want to allow
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users to find [specific tag names]. Unfortunately, the `<` and `>` control
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characters are encoded in code blocks as `<` and `>`. Adding this
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subexpression to the separator allows for just that.
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[positive and negative lookahead assertions]: https://www.regular-expressions.info/lookaround.html
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[words are split at case changes]: ?q=searchHighlight
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[preserve version strings]: ?q=9.0.0
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[specific tag names]: ?q=script
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting config.pipeline -->
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<!-- md:version 9.0.0 -->
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<!-- md:default computed -->
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<!-- md:flag experimental -->
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Use this setting to specify the [pipeline functions] that are used to filter and
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expand tokens after tokenizing them with the [`separator`][config.separator] and
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before adding them to the search index. The default value is automatically
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computed from the [site language], but can also be explicitly set with:
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search:
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pipeline:
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- stemmer
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- stopWordFilter
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- trimmer
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```
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The following pipeline functions can be used:
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- `stemmer` – Stem tokens to their root form, e.g. `running` to `run`
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- `stopWordFilter` – Filter common words according, e.g. `a`, `the`, etc.
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- `trimmer` – Trim whitespace from tokens
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[pipeline functions]: https://lunrjs.com/guides/customising.html#pipeline-functions
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### Segmentation
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The plugin supports text segmentation of Chinese via [jieba], a popular
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Chinese text segmentation library. Other languages like Japanese and Korean are
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currently segmented on the client side, but we're considering to move this
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functionality into the plugin in the future.
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The following settings are available for segmentation:
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[jieba]: https://pypi.org/project/jieba/
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting config.jieba_dict -->
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<!-- md:version 9.2.0 -->
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<!-- md:default none -->
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<!-- md:flag experimental -->
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Use this setting to specify a [custom dictionary] to be used by [jieba] for
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segmenting text, replacing the default dictionary. [jieba] comes with
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several dictionaries, which can be used with:
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search:
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jieba_dict: dict.txt
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```
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The following dictionaries are provided by [jieba]:
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- [dict.txt.small] – 占用内存较小的词典文件
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- [dict.txt.big] – 支持繁体分词更好的词典文件
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The provided path is resolved from the root directory.
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[custom dictionary]: https://github.com/fxsjy/jieba#%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8
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[dict.txt.small]: https://github.com/fxsjy/jieba/raw/master/extra_dict/dict.txt.small
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[dict.txt.big]: https://github.com/fxsjy/jieba/raw/master/extra_dict/dict.txt.big
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting config.jieba_dict_user -->
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<!-- md:version 9.2.0 -->
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<!-- md:default none -->
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<!-- md:flag experimental -->
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Use this setting to specify an additional [user dictionary] to be used by
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[jieba] for segmenting text, augmenting the default dictionary. User
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dictionaries are ideal for tuning the segmenter:
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``` yaml
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plugins:
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- search:
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jieba_dict_user: user_dict.txt
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```
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The provided path is resolved from the root directory.
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[user dictionary]: https://github.com/fxsjy/jieba#%E8%BD%BD%E5%85%A5%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8
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## Usage
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### Metadata
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The following properties are available:
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting meta.search.boost -->
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<!-- md:version 8.3.0 -->
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<!-- md:flag metadata -->
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<!-- md:default none -->
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Use this property to increase or decrease the relevance of a page in the search
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results, giving more weight to them. Use values above `1` to rank up and values
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below `1` to rank down:
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=== ":material-arrow-up-circle: Rank up"
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``` yaml
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---
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search:
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boost: 2 # (1)!
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---
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# Page title
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...
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```
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1. When boosting pages, always start with low values.
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=== ":material-arrow-down-circle: Rank down"
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``` yaml
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---
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search:
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boost: 0.5
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---
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# Page title
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...
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```
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---
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#### <!-- md:setting meta.search.exclude -->
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<!-- md:version 9.0.0 -->
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<!-- md:flag metadata -->
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<!-- md:default none -->
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Use this property to exclude a page from the search results. Note that this will
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not only remove the page, but also all subsections of the page from the search
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results:
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``` yaml
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---
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search:
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exclude: true
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---
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# Page title
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...
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```
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