mirror of
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403 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
403 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# Customization
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Project documentation is as diverse as the projects themselves and Material for
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MkDocs is a great starting point for making it look beautiful. However, as you
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write your documentation, you may reach a point where small adjustments are
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necessary to preserve your brand's style.
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## Adding assets
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[MkDocs] provides several ways to customize a theme. In order to make a few
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small tweaks to Material for MkDocs, you can just add CSS and JavaScript files to
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the `docs` directory.
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[MkDocs]: https://www.mkdocs.org
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### Additional CSS
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If you want to tweak some colors or change the spacing of certain elements,
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you can do this in a separate style sheet. The easiest way is by creating a
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new style sheet file in the `docs` directory:
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``` { .sh .no-copy }
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.
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├─ docs/
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│ └─ stylesheets/
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│ └─ extra.css
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└─ mkdocs.yml
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```
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Then, add the following lines to `mkdocs.yml`:
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``` yaml
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extra_css:
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- stylesheets/extra.css
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```
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### Additional JavaScript
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If you want to integrate another syntax highlighter or add some custom logic to
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your theme, create a new JavaScript file in the `docs` directory:
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``` { .sh .no-copy }
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.
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├─ docs/
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│ └─ javascripts/
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│ └─ extra.js
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└─ mkdocs.yml
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```
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Then, add the following lines to `mkdocs.yml`:
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``` yaml
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extra_javascript:
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- javascripts/extra.js
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```
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??? tip "How to integrate with third-party JavaScript libraries"
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It is likely that you will want to run your JavaScript code only
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once the page has been fully loaded by the browser. This means
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installing a callback function subscribing to events on the
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`document$` observable exported by Material for MkDocs.
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Using the `document$` observable is particularly important if you
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are using [instant loading] since it will not result in a page
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refresh in the browser - but subscribers on the observable will be
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notified.
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``` javascript
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document$.subscribe(function() {
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console.log("Initialize third-party libraries here")
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})
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```
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`document$` is an [RxJS Observable] and you can call the `subscribe()`
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method any number of times to attach different functionality.
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[instant loading]: setup/setting-up-navigation.md/#instant-loading
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[RxJS Observable]: https://rxjs.dev/api/index/class/Observable
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## Extending the theme
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If you want to alter the HTML source (e.g. add or remove some parts), you can
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extend the theme. MkDocs supports [theme extension], an easy way to override
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parts of Material for MkDocs without forking from git. This ensures that you
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can update to the latest version more easily.
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[theme extension]: https://www.mkdocs.org/user-guide/customizing-your-theme/#using-the-theme-custom_dir
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### Setup and theme structure
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Enable Material for MkDocs as usual in `mkdocs.yml`, and create a new folder
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for `overrides` which you then reference using the [`custom_dir`][custom_dir]
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setting:
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``` yaml
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theme:
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name: material
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custom_dir: overrides
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```
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!!! warning "Theme extension prerequisites"
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As the [`custom_dir`][custom_dir] setting is used for the theme extension
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process, Material for MkDocs needs to be installed via `pip` and referenced
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with the [`name`][name] setting in `mkdocs.yml`. It will not work when
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cloning from `git`.
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The structure in the `overrides` directory must mirror the directory structure
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of the original theme, as any file in the `overrides` directory will replace the
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file with the same name which is part of the original theme. Besides, further
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assets may also be put in the `overrides` directory:
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``` { .sh .no-copy }
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.
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├─ .icons/ # Bundled icon sets
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├─ assets/
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│ ├─ images/ # Images and icons
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│ ├─ javascripts/ # JavaScript files
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│ └─ stylesheets/ # Style sheets
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├─ partials/
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│ ├─ integrations/ # Third-party integrations
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│ │ ├─ analytics/ # Analytics integrations
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│ │ └─ analytics.html # Analytics setup
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│ ├─ languages/ # Translation languages
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│ ├─ actions.html # Actions
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│ ├─ alternate.html # Site language selector
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│ ├─ comments.html # Comment system (empty by default)
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│ ├─ consent.html # Consent
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│ ├─ content.html # Page content
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│ ├─ copyright.html # Copyright and theme information
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│ ├─ feedback.html # Was this page helpful?
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│ ├─ footer.html # Footer bar
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│ ├─ header.html # Header bar
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│ ├─ icons.html # Custom icons
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│ ├─ language.html # Translation setup
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│ ├─ logo.html # Logo in header and sidebar
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│ ├─ nav.html # Main navigation
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│ ├─ nav-item.html # Main navigation item
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│ ├─ pagination.html # Pagination (used for blog)
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│ ├─ palette.html # Color palette toggle
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│ ├─ post.html # Blog post excerpt
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│ ├─ progress.html # Progress indicator
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│ ├─ search.html # Search interface
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│ ├─ social.html # Social links
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│ ├─ source.html # Repository information
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│ ├─ source-file.html # Source file information
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│ ├─ tabs.html # Tabs navigation
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│ ├─ tabs-item.html # Tabs navigation item
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│ ├─ tags.html # Tags
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│ ├─ toc.html # Table of contents
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│ ├─ toc-item.html # Table of contents item
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│ └─ top.html # Back-to-top button
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├─ 404.html # 404 error page
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├─ base.html # Base template
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├─ blog.html # Blog index page
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├─ blog-archive.html # Blog archive index page
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├─ blog-category.html # Blog category index page
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├─ blog-post.html # Blog post page
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└─ main.html # Default page
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```
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[custom_dir]: https://www.mkdocs.org/user-guide/configuration/#custom_dir
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[name]: https://www.mkdocs.org/user-guide/configuration/#name
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### Overriding partials
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In order to override a partial, we can replace it with a file of the same name
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and location in the `overrides` directory. For example, to replace the original
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`footer.html` partial, create a new `footer.html` partial in the `overrides`
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directory:
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``` { .sh .no-copy }
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.
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├─ overrides/
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│ └─ partials/
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│ └─ footer.html
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└─ mkdocs.yml
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```
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MkDocs will now use the new partial when rendering the theme. This can be done
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with any file.
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### Overriding blocks <small>recommended</small> { #overriding-blocks data-toc-label="Overriding blocks" }
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Besides overriding partials, it's also possible to override (and extend)
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template blocks, which are defined inside the templates and wrap specific
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features. In order to set up block overrides, create a `main.html` file inside
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the `overrides` directory:
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``` { .sh .no-copy }
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.
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├─ overrides/
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│ └─ main.html
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└─ mkdocs.yml
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```
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Then, e.g. to override the site title, add the following lines to `main.html`:
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``` html
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{% extends "base.html" %}
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{% block htmltitle %}
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<title>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet</title>
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{% endblock %}
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```
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If you intend to __add__ something to a block rather than to replace it
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altogether with new content, use `{{ super() }}` inside the block to include the
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original block content. This is particularly useful when adding third-party
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scripts to your docs, e.g.
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``` html
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{% extends "base.html" %}
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{% block scripts %}
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<!-- Add scripts that need to run before here -->
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{{ super() }}
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<!-- Add scripts that need to run afterwards here -->
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{% endblock %}
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```
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The following template blocks are provided by the theme:
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| Block name | Purpose |
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| :---------------- | :---------------------------------------------- |
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| `analytics` | Wraps the Google Analytics integration |
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| `announce` | Wraps the announcement bar |
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| `config` | Wraps the JavaScript application config |
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| `container` | Wraps the main content container |
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| `content` | Wraps the main content |
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| `extrahead` | Empty block to add custom meta tags |
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| `fonts` | Wraps the font definitions |
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| `footer` | Wraps the footer with navigation and copyright |
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| `header` | Wraps the fixed header bar |
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| `hero` | Wraps the hero teaser (if available) |
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| `htmltitle` | Wraps the `<title>` tag |
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| `libs` | Wraps the JavaScript libraries (header) |
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| `outdated` | Wraps the version warning |
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| `scripts` | Wraps the JavaScript application (footer) |
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| `site_meta` | Wraps the meta tags in the document head |
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| `site_nav` | Wraps the site navigation and table of contents |
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| `styles` | Wraps the style sheets (also extra sources) |
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| `tabs` | Wraps the tabs navigation (if available) |
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## Theme development
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Material for MkDocs is built on top of [TypeScript], [RxJS] and [SASS], and
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uses a lean, custom build process to put everything together.[^1] If you want
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to make more fundamental changes, it may be necessary to make the adjustments
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directly in the source of the theme and recompile it.
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[^1]:
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Prior to <!-- md:version 7.0.0 --> the build was based on Webpack, resulting
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in occasional broken builds due to incompatibilities with loaders and
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plugins. Therefore, we decided to swap Webpack for a leaner solution which
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is now based on [RxJS] as the application itself. This allowed for the
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pruning of more than 500 dependencies (~30% less).
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[TypeScript]: https://www.typescriptlang.org/
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[RxJS]: https://github.com/ReactiveX/rxjs
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[SASS]: https://sass-lang.com
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### Environment setup
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First, clone the repository for the edition you want to work on. If
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you want to clone the Insiders repository, you need to become a
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sponsor first to gain access.
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[Insiders]: insiders/index.md
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=== "Material for MkDocs"
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```
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git clone https://github.com/squidfunk/mkdocs-material
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cd mkdocs-material
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```
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=== "Insiders"
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You will need to have a GitHub access token [as described in the
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Insiders documentation] and make it available in the `$GH_TOKEN`
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variable.
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``` sh
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git clone https://${GH_TOKEN}@github.com/squidfunk/mkdocs-material-insiders.git # (1)!
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```
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1. If you are using SSH keys for authenticating with GitHub, you can
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clone Insiders with this command:
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```
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git clone git@github.com:squidfunk/mkdocs-material-insiders.git
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```
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[as described in the Insiders documentation]: insiders/getting-started.md#requirements
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Next, create a new [Python virtual environment][venv] and
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[activate][venv-activate] it:
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```
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python -m venv venv
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source venv/bin/activate
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```
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!!! note "Ensure pip always runs in a virtual environment"
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If you set the environment variable `PIP_REQUIRE_VIRTUALENV` to
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`true`, `pip` will refuse to install anything outside a virtual
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environment. Forgetting to activate a `venv` can be very annoying
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as it will install all sorts of things outside virtual
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environments over time, possibly leading to further errors. So,
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you may want to add this to your `.bashrc` or `.zshrc` and
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re-start your shell:
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```
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export PIP_REQUIRE_VIRTUALENV=true
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```
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[venv]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html
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[venv-activate]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html#how-venvs-work
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Then, install all Python dependencies:
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=== "Material for MkDocs"
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```
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pip install -e ".[recommended]"
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pip install nodeenv
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```
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=== "Insiders"
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```
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pip install -e ".[recommended, imaging]"
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pip install nodeenv
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```
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In addition, you will need to install the `cairo` and `pngquant` libraries in your
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system, as described in the [image processing] requirements guide.
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[image processing]: plugins/requirements/image-processing.md
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Finally, install the [Node.js] LTS version into the Python virtual environment
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and install all Node.js dependencies:
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```
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nodeenv -p -n lts
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npm install
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```
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[Node.js]: https://nodejs.org
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### Development mode
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Start the watcher with:
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```
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npm start
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```
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Then, in a second terminal window, start the MkDocs live preview server with:
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```
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mkdocs serve --watch-theme
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```
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Point your browser to [localhost:8000][live preview] and you should see this
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very documentation in front of you.
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!!! warning "Automatically generated files"
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Never make any changes in the `material` directory, as the contents of this
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directory are automatically generated from the `src` directory and will be
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overwritten when the theme is built.
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[live preview]: http://localhost:8000
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### Building the theme
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When you're finished making your changes, you can build the theme by invoking:
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``` sh
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npm run build # (1)!
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```
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1. While this command will build all theme files, it will skip the overrides
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used in Material for MkDocs' own documentation which are not distributed
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with the theme. If you forked the theme and want to build the overrides
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as well, e.g. before submitting a PR with changes, use:
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```
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npm run build:all
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```
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This will take longer, as now the icon search index, schema files, as
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well as additional style sheet and JavaScript files are built.
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This triggers the production-level compilation and minification of all style
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sheets and JavaScript files. After the command exits, the compiled files are
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located in the `material` directory. When running `mkdocs build`, you should
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now see your changes to the original theme.
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