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mkdocs-material/docs/reference/diagrams.md
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---
icon: material/graph-outline
---
# Diagrams
Diagrams help to communicate complex relationships and interconnections between
different technical components, and are a great addition to project
documentation. Material for MkDocs integrates with [Mermaid.js], a very
popular and flexible solution for drawing diagrams.
[Mermaid.js]: https://mermaid.js.org/
## Configuration
<!-- md:version 8.2.0 -->
This configuration enables native support for [Mermaid.js] diagrams. Material
for MkDocs will automatically initialize the JavaScript runtime when a page
includes a `mermaid` code block:
``` yaml
markdown_extensions:
- pymdownx.superfences:
custom_fences:
- name: mermaid
class: mermaid
format: !!python/name:pymdownx.superfences.fence_code_format
```
No further configuration is necessary. Advantages over a custom integration:
- [x] Works with [instant loading] without any additional effort
- [x] Diagrams automatically use fonts and colors defined in `mkdocs.yml`[^1]
- [x] Fonts and colors can be customized with [additional style sheets]
- [x] Support for both, light and dark color schemes _try it on this page!_
[^1]:
While all [Mermaid.js] features should work out-of-the-box, Material for
MkDocs will currently only adjust the fonts and colors for flowcharts,
sequence diagrams, class diagrams, state diagrams and entity relationship
diagrams. See the section on [other diagrams] for more information why this
is currently not implemented for all diagrams.
[instant loading]: ../setup/setting-up-navigation.md#instant-loading
[additional style sheets]: ../customization.md#additional-css
[other diagrams]: #other-diagram-types
## Usage
### Using flowcharts
[Flowcharts] are diagrams that represent workflows or processes. The steps
are rendered as nodes of various kinds and are connected by edges, describing
the necessary order of steps:
```` markdown title="Flow chart"
``` mermaid
graph LR
A[Start] --> B{Error?};
B -->|Yes| C[Hmm...];
C --> D[Debug];
D --> B;
B ---->|No| E[Yay!];
```
````
<div class="result" markdown>
``` mermaid
graph LR
A[Start] --> B{Error?};
B -->|Yes| C[Hmm...];
C --> D[Debug];
D --> B;
B ---->|No| E[Yay!];
```
</div>
[Flowcharts]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/flowchart.html
### Using sequence diagrams
[Sequence diagrams] describe a specific scenario as sequential interactions
between multiple objects or actors, including the messages that are exchanged
between those actors:
```` markdown title="Sequence diagram"
``` mermaid
sequenceDiagram
autonumber
Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you?
loop Healthcheck
John->>John: Fight against hypochondria
end
Note right of John: Rational thoughts!
John-->>Alice: Great!
John->>Bob: How about you?
Bob-->>John: Jolly good!
```
````
<div class="result" markdown>
``` mermaid
sequenceDiagram
autonumber
Alice->>John: Hello John, how are you?
loop Healthcheck
John->>John: Fight against hypochondria
end
Note right of John: Rational thoughts!
John-->>Alice: Great!
John->>Bob: How about you?
Bob-->>John: Jolly good!
```
</div>
[Sequence diagrams]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/sequenceDiagram.html
### Using state diagrams
[State diagrams] are a great tool to describe the behavior of a system,
decomposing it into a finite number of states, and transitions between those
states:
```` markdown title="State diagram"
``` mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
state fork_state <<fork>>
[*] --> fork_state
fork_state --> State2
fork_state --> State3
state join_state <<join>>
State2 --> join_state
State3 --> join_state
join_state --> State4
State4 --> [*]
```
````
<div class="result" markdown>
``` mermaid
stateDiagram-v2
state fork_state <<fork>>
[*] --> fork_state
fork_state --> State2
fork_state --> State3
state join_state <<join>>
State2 --> join_state
State3 --> join_state
join_state --> State4
State4 --> [*]
```
</div>
[State diagrams]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/stateDiagram.html
### Using class diagrams
[Class diagrams] are central to object oriented programming, describing the
structure of a system by modelling entities as classes and relationships between
them:
```` markdown title="Class diagram"
``` mermaid
classDiagram
Person <|-- Student
Person <|-- Professor
Person : +String name
Person : +String phoneNumber
Person : +String emailAddress
Person: +purchaseParkingPass()
Address "1" <-- "0..1" Person:lives at
class Student{
+int studentNumber
+int averageMark
+isEligibleToEnrol()
+getSeminarsTaken()
}
class Professor{
+int salary
}
class Address{
+String street
+String city
+String state
+int postalCode
+String country
-validate()
+outputAsLabel()
}
```
````
<div class="result" markdown>
``` mermaid
classDiagram
Person <|-- Student
Person <|-- Professor
Person : +String name
Person : +String phoneNumber
Person : +String emailAddress
Person: +purchaseParkingPass()
Address "1" <-- "0..1" Person:lives at
class Student{
+int studentNumber
+int averageMark
+isEligibleToEnrol()
+getSeminarsTaken()
}
class Professor{
+int salary
}
class Address{
+String street
+String city
+String state
+int postalCode
+String country
-validate()
+outputAsLabel()
}
```
</div>
[Class diagrams]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/classDiagram.html
### Using entity-relationship diagrams
An [entity-relationship diagram] is composed of entity types and specifies
relationships that exist between entities. It describes inter-related things in
a specific domain of knowledge:
```` markdown title="Entity-relationship diagram"
``` mermaid
erDiagram
CUSTOMER ||--o{ ORDER : places
ORDER ||--|{ LINE-ITEM : contains
LINE-ITEM {
string name
int pricePerUnit
}
CUSTOMER }|..|{ DELIVERY-ADDRESS : uses
```
````
<div class="result" markdown>
``` mermaid
erDiagram
CUSTOMER ||--o{ ORDER : places
ORDER ||--|{ LINE-ITEM : contains
LINE-ITEM {
string name
int pricePerUnit
}
CUSTOMER }|..|{ DELIVERY-ADDRESS : uses
```
</div>
[entity-relationship diagram]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/entityRelationshipDiagram.html
### Other diagram types
Besides the diagram types listed above, [Mermaid.js] provides support for
[pie charts], [gantt charts], [user journeys], [git graphs] and
[requirement diagrams], all of which are not officially supported by Material
for MkDocs. Those diagrams should still work as advertised by [Mermaid.js], but
we don't consider them a good choice, mostly as they don't work well on mobile.
[pie charts]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/pie.html
[gantt charts]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/gantt.html
[user journeys]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/userJourney.html
[git graphs]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/gitgraph.html
[requirement diagrams]: https://mermaid.js.org/syntax/requirementDiagram.html